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BONNER COUNTY NATIVE PLANTS RECOMMENDED FOR LANDSCAPING

 

Congratulations! You will be landscaping in an ecological, cost effective, and aesthetically pleasing manner by selecting plants native to Bonner County, Idaho. This plant list contains information to help guide your selections. Most species are perennial or self-seeding. Weeding, mulching, and watering may be required until plants are established. Your result should be a stable ecosystem with diverse plant and animal life. It can flourish for decades, providing a beautiful, hardy, drought resistant, low maintenance landscape while benefiting the environment.

 

Decide what you want to do with your land.

·       Incorporate native plants into an existing landscape?

·       Restore an area to all native vegetation?

·       Establish shelter and food to attract wildlife?

·       Solve a problem such as flooding, run-off or soil stabilization?

·       Save time, money and resources in reduced plant care and maintenance?

Evaluate all areas of your site for factors influencing plant selection.

·       Sun and shade/ Moisture/ Soil and grade

Evaluate your expectations.

·       Eliminate/reduce use of lawn maintenance equipment. This will improve air quality, reduce CO2 emissions and save you time.

·       Reduce or eliminate need for fertilizers and pesticides, reduce watering and run-off, and save time and money. Native plants, properly selected, are adapted to our geology, hydrology and climate. They generally do not require outside intervention to maintain health and vigor when planted in an appropriate site.

·       Help combat global warming. Indigenous plants are more effective than traditional lawns as a carbon sink due to their extensive root systems and ability to retain and store water.

·       Create an aesthetically pleasing landscape, harmonious with the natural beauty of our area.

Select native plants ideal for your landscape needs.

·       Visit North Idaho Native Plant Arboretum, Lakeview Park, 611 South Ella Ave., Sandpoint, ID. The Arboretum is an ongoing educational project of the Kinnikinnick Chapter of the Idaho Native Plant Society (KCINPS). It is free and open to the public. Plants are identified and grouped in habitats, enabling you to see plants that might work well for your site.

·       Visit sites landscaped with native plants, such as the Mickinnick Trailhead in Sandpoint and the WaterLife Discovery Center in Sagle. These sites, planted and maintained by the KCINPS, illustrate creative design using native plants.

·       Obtain the "Bonner County Native Plant List" plant list prepared by KCINPS. (Available @ www.nativeplantsociety.org.)

·       Purchase from the native plant selections at local nurseries.

·       The University of Idaho includes some native plants for purchase in the catalog, "A Guide to Seedling Selection." (Available @ http://seedlings.uidaho.com or free @ (208) 885-3888.)

·       Do not dig plants from the wild unless they are in the path of development and you have permission from the landowner. Removing plants from the wild may be unlawful and the chance of successful transplantation is usually low. The greatest success comes from purchased plants.

·       Although many native plants have edible parts or medicinal uses, consider all plant parts to be toxic until you learn otherwise.

NATIVE PLANT LANDSCAPING LIST

TREES

Codes:  Soil - D = dry; M = moist; W = wet    Light - S = sun; PS = part sun or shade; Sh = Shade    *Keep away from sewer and septic lines

Common Name

Scientific Name

Height

Bloom

Moisture

Light

Arboretum

Notes

Alder, Red*

Alnus rubra

40-60 ft

 

M/W

S/PS

 

Fixes nitrogen in the soil; catkins

Alder, Sitka*

Alnus viridis

30 ft.

 

M/W

S

Interior Rain Forest /Riparian

Improves soil by adding organic matter and nitrogen; catkins

Aspen*, Quaking

Populus tremuloides

90 ft.

 

M/D

S

Aspen Grove

Golden fall color; spreads by root runners; gray-white smooth bark

Birch, Paper*

Betula papyrifera

50-70 ft.

 

M

S

Wetland

Yellow fall foliage; white peeling bark

Birch, Water*

Betula occidentalis

13-26 ft.

 

W

S/PS

Wetland

Streambank stabilization; pinkish, non-peeling bark

Cottonwood*, Black

Populus trichocarpa

150-180 ft.

 

M/W

S

 

Sticky, red seed cases; good for erosion control on banks; attracts birds

Fir, Douglas; Red

Pseudotsuga menziesii

150 ft.

 

D/M

S/PS

 

Shade tolerant; well drained soil; pyramidal shape

Fir, Grand; White

Abies grandis

100 ft.

 

M/D

S/PS

 

Fragile erect cones at top of tree; fragrant foliage

Fir, Subalpine

Abies lasiocarpa

60-105 ft.

 

M

S/Sh

Subalpine

Dark-green needles with whitish-lines; drought and heat intolerant; narrow, slow-growing; red-purple cones at top

Hemlock, Western

Tsuga heterophylla

120-150 ft.

 

M

Sh

Interior rain forest

Needs shade when young; thick, acidic, humus soil

Larch, Western; Tamarack

Larix occidentalis

100-200 ft.

 

D/M

S

Young Forest

Golden fall color; deciduous, erect, slender

Maple, Rocky Mountain

Acer glabrum

20 - 30 ft.

 

M/D

S/PS

Young Forest

Shrubby multi-trunk tree; fall and winter color; attractive all year

Pine, Ponderosa; Yellow, Bull

Pinus ponderosa

140 ft.

 

D/M

S

Young Forest

3 needles per sheaf; dry open sites; fire resistant

Pine, Western White

Pinus monticola

230 ft.

 

D/M

S

Young Forest

Idaho State Tree; five needles per sheaf; good specimen tree

Redcedar, Western

Thuja plicata

100-120 ft.

 

M

PS/Sh

Moist Forest

Evergreen-scale-like leaves; aromatic; red-brown bark; rich, moist soil

Spruce, Engelmann

Picea engelmannii

75-120 ft.

 

M

PS

Subalpine

Blue-green, stiff, evergreen needles; slow growing

 

 

 

SHRUBS

Common Name

Scientific Name

Height

Bloom

Moisture

Light

Arboretum

Notes

Alder, Wavy leaf*

Alnus viridis ssp. Sinuata

10 ft.

May-July

M

S/PS

 

Forms thicket; fast growing; fixes nitrogen

Birch, Bog, Scrub*

Betula nana

3-10 ft.

Feb-June

W

S/PS

 

Deep orange in the fall; acidic soil; spreading

Buffalo Berry

Shepherdia canadensis

3-13 ft.

May-July

D/M

S/PS

Dry Forest

Small yellow flowers; orange to red berries: fixes nitrogen

Cascara, Buckthorn

Frangula purshiana

up to 30 ft.

Jun-July

M/W

Sh

 

Small, yellow flower clusters; black fruit; silvery gray bark; deciduous

Ceanothus, Shiny Leafed

Ceanothus velutinus var.

2 ft.

 

D/M

S

 

Small white flowers in pyramidal clusters; good browes

Chokecherry, Common

Prunus virginiana

3-12 ft.

Apr-May

D

S

Meadow/ Medicinal

White flowers; grows in rocky soil; fast growing; showy fruit; attracts birds

Cranberry, Highbush

Viburnum edule 

1.5 to10 ft

 

M/W

PS/Sh

 

Clusters of white flowers., red berries, likes rich organic soil

Devil’s club

Oplopanax horridus

3-10 ft.

May-June

M

Sh

Interior Rain Forest

Creamy white flowers; beautiful red berries in fall; very spiny

Dogwood, Red Osier

Cornus sericea

3-6 ft.

May-July

M/W

S/PS

Interior Rain Forest

Greenish-white flower clusters;white berries; red twigs

Elderberry, Blue

Sambucus nigra var. cerulea

6-12 ft.

 

M

S

Riparian

Clusters of white flowers; grows along watercourses; powdery blue edible fruit; fast growing

Hawthorn, Black

Crataegus douglasii var.

6 to 25 ft.

May-June

D/W

S

 

White flower cluster; small black fruit; thorny; soil & stream stabilization

Hazelnut, Beaked

Corylus cornuta

3-12 ft.

 

M

S/Sh

 

Edible nuts; yellow, fall color; stream banks; well-drained soil

Huckleberry, Fool's; False Azalea

Menziesia ferruginea

up to 9 ft.

 

M

S/Sh

 

Tiny, pinkish-yellow flowers, blue-green foliage; crimson-orange fall foliage; acidic, humus soil

Huckleberry, Oval-leaf

Vaccinium ovalifolium

to 6 ft

 

M/W

S

Subalpine

White to pink flowers; edible blue-black berries; red fall foliage

Huckleberry, Thinleaf

Vaccinium membranaceum

to 4.5 ft